Txhua tus neeg uas tau mus xyuas lub tsev muag khoom paub tias yeej ib txwm muaj qhov rooj ntsug sab nraum qhov nkag ntawm lub tsev loj. Qhov no yog lub qhov rooj tiv thaiv tub sab nyiag siv los ntawm lub tsev loj los tiv thaiv cov khoom hauv tsev loj los ntawm kev nyiag khoom. Yog tias tus tub sab nyiag ib yam dab tsi hauv lub tsev loj, nws yuav tsum tsis txhob tawm mus. Yog tias koj tawm ntawm lub khw muag khoom, daim ntawv lo tiv thaiv tub sab ntawm cov khoom lag luam loj yuav raug kuaj pom los ntawm lub qhov rooj tiv thaiv tub sab thiab lub tswb yuav suab kom lub khw muag khoom ruaj ntseg yuav xyuas cov tub sab. Yuav ua li cas yog no invention?
Muaj ob hom kev tiv thaiv tub sab nyiag qhov rooj feem ntau siv hauv khw muag khoom hauv khw: ib qho yog xov tooj cua zaus tiv thaiv tub sab qhov rooj, thiab lwm yam yog acousto-magnetic anti-tub sab qhov rooj. Sib nqus anti-tub sab tub nyiag system tuaj yeem ua tiav yuav luag xoom lub tswb tsis muaj tseeb, yog li vim li cas acousto-magnetic anti-tub sab yuav daws tau qhov teeb meem uas lub xov tooj cua zaus tiv thaiv tub sab tsis tuaj yeem daws thiab ua tiav yuav luag xoom tsis muaj lub tswb? Cov nram qab no Baige decrypts lub acousto-magnetic anti-tub sab tub nyiag system kom ua tiav yuav luag xoom tswb cuav. vim li cas.
1. Cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm ntawm acousto-magnetic los tiv thaiv tub sab yog tsuas yog siv lub resonance tshwm sim los ntawm txoj cai tuning diav rawg kom ua tiav yuav luag xoom tsis muaj lub tswb ua haujlwm. Thaum lub zaus ntawm cov teeb liab kis tau tus mob (alternating magnetic teb) yog zoo ib yam li oscillating zaus ntawm lub acousto-magnetic tag, lub acousto-magnetic tag yuav ua rau resonance zoo ib yam li ib tug tuning diav rawg thiab tsim ib tug resonance teeb liab (alternating magnetic teb); Thaum lub receiver pom nws tsis tu ncua 4-8 zaug (kho tau) ) Tom qab lub resonance teeb liab (ib zaug txhua 1/50 thib ob), qhov system txais yuav xa tawm lub tswb. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm acousto-magnetic system yog siab tiv thaiv tub sab nyiag, yuav luag xoom tsis muaj lub tswb nrov, tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm cov hlau tin foil, kev tiv thaiv zoo, thiab kev tiv thaiv dav (qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm ib qho system tuaj yeem tiv thaiv 4 meters).
Qhov thib ob, nws yog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus siv los ntawm acousto-magnetic anti-tub sab tub nyiag system. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus no suav nrog cov nyhuv sib nqus ntawm physics. Cov txheej txheem yuav yog me ntsis esoteric, tab sis kuv vam tias txhua tus tuaj yeem nkag siab nws.
1. Cov nyhuv Magnetostrictive: nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm sab nraud magnetic teb, qhov loj ntawm cov tshuaj ferromagnetic hloov; tom qab cov hlau nplaum sab nraud raug tshem tawm, nws rov qab mus rau nws qhov qub ntev. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub magnetic teb, qhov ntev ntawm cov khoom magnetostrictive hloov linearly thiab hloov; los yog nws hloov zuj zus nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm ib qho chaw sib nqus sib nqus, ua rau muaj kev vibration lossis suab tsis; cov khoom no tuaj yeem hloov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob mus rau hauv lub zog siv hluav taws xob lossis lub zog suab, thiab rov ua dua. Hloov cov tshuab hluav taws xob rau hauv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob; qhov qub yog hu ua magnetostrictive effect, thiab tom kawg yog hu ua piezomagnetic effect.
Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm ib tug tej yam magnetic teb lub zog, lub ferrite magnetic hlau ua ib tug ntev hloov, uas yuav to taub yuav hloov me ntsis nyob rau hauv qhov kev ncua deb ntawm atoms vim magnetization. Nyob rau hauv alternating magnetic teb, koj tuaj yeem pom cov hlau nplaum hlau nplaum vibrating raws li qhov zaus ntawm qhov chaw sib nqus sib nqus. Yog hais tias qhov zaus ntawm qhov sib nqus magnetic teb yog sib xws nrog lub resonant zaus ntawm cov hlau bar, nws amplitude yog qhov loj tshaj plaws, uas yog, resonance tshwm sim. Cov nyhuv no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pom tseeb rau permalloy (los yog hlau-nickel alloy).
Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov nyhuv magnetostrictive yog thim rov qab, uas yog, cov nyhuv piezomagnetic. Yog li ntawd, thaum lub zaus ntawm alternating magnetic teb raws li resonant zaus ntawm cov hlau sawb nyob rau hauv lub acousto-magnetic tag, lub permalloy sawb pib vibrate. Thaum lub alternating magnetic teb raug muab tua, lub acousto-magnetic tag yuav tuav ib tug damped kev co rau ib lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm xws li ib tug tuning diav rawg, thiab tsim ib tug resonance teeb liab raws li ib tug spatial extension ntawm alternating magnetic teb, uas yuav tsum tau kuaj pom los ntawm lub sij hawm. tus txais.
Lub magnetostriction coefficient λ yog siv los piav txog cov nyhuv magnetostriction, λ=(LH-L0) / L0, L0 yog qhov ntev ntawm cov khoom, thiab LH yog qhov ntev ntawm cov khoom tom qab hloov pauv raws li qhov kev txiav txim ntawm sab nraud magnetic teb. . Vim hais tias permalloy muaj siab magnetostriction coefficient, xws li: Ni50 permalloy λ=25 × 10-6, Ni80 permalloy λ=(0.1" 0.5) × 10-6, yog li cov magnetostriction ntawm permalloy Cov coefficients yog tag nrho cov loj, thiab lub teeb liab resonance generated los ntawm tag kuj loj dua.
2. Magneto-mechanical coupling coefficient k. Thaum lub permalloy nyias strip zoo siab los ntawm ib qho chaw sib nqus sib nqus nyob rau hauv ib qho kev sib nqus sib nqus, vim yog cov nyhuv magnetostrictive thiab piezomagnetic nyhuv, alternate conversion ntawm magnetic zog thiab mechanical zog tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub nyias strip. Kev hloov pauv ntawm lub zog yog hu ua magneto-mechanical coupling. Lub magneto-mechanical coupling coefficient k yog siv los ntsuas nws qhov loj, thiab tus nqi k yog txiav txim los ntawm cov qauv hauv qab no. Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb hauv acousto-magnetic tag yog ib daim nyias nyias ntawm permalloy.
Raws li phenomenological txoj kev xav, lub magneto-mechanical coupling coefficient k yog qhia raws li: nyob rau hauv cov mis saum toj no, fr yog lub resonance zaus thiab fa yog anti-vibration zaus. Raws li lub resonance nkhaus ntawm acousto-magnetic tag xeem. Thaum lub excitation teeb liab zaus yog 57.9kHz, lub resonance nkhaus ncav cuag tus nqi siab tshaj plaws, uas yog fr=57.9kHz; Thaum lub teeb liab excitation zaus yog 59.7kHz, lub resonance nkhaus mus txog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tus nqi, uas yog fa=59.7kHz. Yog li, suav cov magneto-mechanical coefficient k=0.251. Obviously, acousto-magnetic tag muaj cov ntsiab lus resonance thiab cov ntsiab lus tiv thaiv kev vibration. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm me me excitation magnetic teb, nws muaj peev xwm tsim ib tug loj resonance teeb liab, thiab qhov voltage qhov sib txawv ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus yog loj, qhia tias tag muaj ib tug loj magneto-mechanical coefficient. Lub ntse resonance nkhaus qhia tias lub cim npe muaj Q tus nqi siab dua, qhov nqaim bandwidth, thiab kev xaiv muaj zog dua. Yog li ntawd, yog tias tsim nyog qhov kev tsis ncaj ncees magnetic teb tau teeb tsa ua kom nws ua haujlwm hauv thaj chaw uas muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo dua, lub teeb liab resonance siab dua thiab muaj zog ntau zaus tuaj yeem tau txais.
3. Lub qhov rooj sib nqus cov nyhuv acousto-magnetic daim ntawv lo yog tsim los ntawm ib lub thawv me me nrog qhov ntev ntawm 40mm, dav ntawm 8" 14mm, thiab thickness ntawm 1mm (qhov uas twb muaj lawm thinner). Nyob rau hauv lub thawv me me, nws yog tsim los ntawm ob lub hlau strips zoo ib yam li ib rab diav rawg Cov qauv ntawm daim ntawv lo yog cov hlau nplaum tawv tawv uas ruaj khov rau ntawm lub thawv yas, thiab lwm qhov yog cov hlau nplaum mos permalloy sawb uas tuaj yeem vibrate dawb. Raws li cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb thiab cov qauv ntawm daim ntawv lo, nws muaj qee qhov resonant zaus; Thaum ntxiv Thaum qhov zaus ntawm qhov chaw sib nqus sib nqus zoo ib yam nrog lub resonant zaus ntawm tag, resonance yuav tshwm sim. Vim yog cov nyhuv magnetostrictive thiab piezomagnetic nyhuv, thaum sab nraud alternating magnetic teb ploj mus, lub cim npe tseem yuav tsim damped oscillation, tsim ib hom alternating magnetic teb zog thiab mechanical zog conversion. , Ua ib qho attenuated resonance teeb liab, uas yog acousto-magnetic composite teeb liab. Kev ua hauj lwm zaus ntawm ib tug raug acousto-magnetic tag yog 58kHz, thiab lub teeb liab ntsia hlau resonance zoo ib yam li ultrasound. Yog li ntawd, lub peev xwm los tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam thiab kev nkag mus rau lub zog muaj zog heev, uas txawv ntawm lwm qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntawv lo.
Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev siv cov nyhuv tuning diav rawg los txheeb xyuas, nws yog ib tug txheej txheem ntawm kev sib nrig sib hloov ntawm electromagnetic zog thiab txhua yam zog. Txawm li cas los xij, vim lub zog hloov pauv tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv magneto-rhiab heev, yuav tsum muaj lub zog sib kis tau zoo. Piv txwv li, tus nqi ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus active magnetic teb lub zog yog ntau tshaj 16A / m Yog li ntawd, tus kav hlau txais xov detector ntawm lub acousto-magnetic system kuj loj.
3. Lub tswb tsis tseeb ntawm tam sim no acousto-magnetic anti-tub sab tub nyiag system yog tsis muaj dab tsi ntau tshaj li qhov debugging ntawm lub tshuab (xws li rhiab heev yog tsawg, tsuas yog nce lub rhiab heev ntawm lub tshuab) thiab cov teeb meem zoo (xws li qhov zoo ntawm lub tshuab tsis ua raws li tus qauv lossis cov khoom sab hauv ntawm lub tshuab yog faulty, thiab lwm yam. Cov teeb meem zoo) thiab teeb meem kev teeb tsa (xws li kev teeb tsa tsis muaj zog), yuav luag tsis muaj lub tswb cuav thaum ntsib cov khoom siv hlau.